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A non-ionic surfactant used to stabilise protein injectables and emulsions.

Made from sorbitol + lauric acid; lauric acid source (coconut, palm, animal tallow) is not always disclosed.

A fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant used as both an active and an excipient.

Almost always derived from soy or sunflower oil — but the carrier acetate ester can use animal-sourced acetic acid in rare cases. Manufacturers usually disclose 'vegetable-source' on request.